Teenagers and Depression

Our sixteen-year-old son appears to be very low and depressed, but is unwilling to accept treatment at present. What I can do about this? H Hughes, Leeds

The teenage years are a difficult time in childhood, and there are dramatic conflicts between independence and responsibility at a time when the teenagers are developing their self esteem.

Depression is characterised by low mood, withdrawal and isolation as well as changes in weight and sleep pattern. The main characteristic of sleep disturbance in depression is early morning waking and people often complain of poor concentration and memory. It is particularly difficult to assess a teenager with depression, especially if they are unwilling to seek help. One also has to consider the possibility of physical problems as well as drug use

Due to the importance of a proper assessment and the implications in the long term for treatment of depression, I feel specialist input in your son's case would be helpful and would recommend you contact your GP regarding this. Long term counselling may also be recommended depending on the underlying cause. Drug use is particularly difficult to pick up, but undoubtedly chronic cannabis use can lead to many depressive symptoms such as apathy and persistent tiredness.

In terms of treatment, anti-depressants are often prescribed in a depressive illness and may provide relief within two to three weeks. Your son should then receive counselling long term. In some situations, counselling for the whole family to deal with any underlying issues or concerns may also be helpful.